A research team has successfully demonstrated an experimental solid thermal storage system capable of producing stable steam for industrial applications, offering an alternative to conventional coal and natural gas boilers for small and medium-sized enterprises seeking decarbonized heat solutions.
The system integrates a solid heat storage unit, steam generator, feedwater system, and electric heating device into a unified process. Testing under controlled conditions revealed the system can sustain steam generation at 0.2 MPa for approximately 254 minutes with a thermal efficiency of 54.37%, while operation at the higher 0.5 MPa pressure extends duty cycles to 199 minutes at 47.47% efficiency. Throughout all operating scenarios, steam parameter variations remained below 10%, demonstrating reliable output stability—a critical requirement for industrial steam consumers.
Key performance metrics indicate the storage medium must reach minimum temperatures of 321.21°C at lower pressures and 358.41°C at elevated pressures to maintain stable generation. The research found that increasing steam pressure from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa extends startup time by approximately 31% while reducing overall operating duration by nearly 22%. This tradeoff reflects the thermodynamic requirements of higher-pressure steam production, with each additional 41.9 kJ/kg increase in outlet steam enthalpy shortening operational runtime.
The solid thermal storage approach aligns with carbon reduction objectives by decoupling steam supply from fossil fuel combustion. By charging the storage medium during off-peak renewable generation periods or using electric heating powered by clean sources, the system enables enterprises to maintain reliable steam availability while reducing emissions.
While laboratory results are promising, pathway to industrial adoption requires addressing startup duration improvements and optimizing storage capacity for multi-cycle operations. The technology shows particular promise for facilities with flexible steam demand profiles, thermal recovery opportunities, or access to renewable electricity sources.
